Themes in Othello Essay Example for Free

Themes in Othello EssayThemes in Othello is that of deception, developed mostly through Iago, who is an arch-deceiver passim the play. Because he is angry that Othello has passed over him for a promotion, he vows revenge. Playing upon Othellos jealousy, he deceives him into believing that Desdemona is having an affair with Cassio. He also deceives Roderigo, making him believe that Desdemona lead tire of Othello and eventually be won by Roderigo.It is Iagos repeated deceptions that move the plot of the play forward to the ultimate climax and tragedy. Another barbarian theme of Othello is love, and the play can be considered a sentimentalist tragedy. The play is romantic because it celebrates the marriage of two minds as embodied in Othello and Desdemona. They marry in spite of the protests of Desdemonas father, and she faithfully follows her husband wherever he is sent. Their romantic marriage, however, is ruined by the villainous machinations of Iago.Othello is eventually le d to murder his beloved, turning the romantic play into a tragedy. A third minor theme of Othello revolves around appearance vs. reality. Iago has an honest face, which helps hide his deceitful soul. Othello appears to be strong and courageous, a lede general, but he is easily tricked into fearing that his wife is unfaithful. It appears that Desdemona has left her treasured handkerchief with Cassio in reality, Emilia has taken it and Iago has planted in on Cassio.Because of Iagos trickery, it appears to Othello that Desdemona is problematical with Cassio in truth, she is innocent, loving her husband dearly. Throughout the play, Iago is instrumental in making sure that reality is disguised by appearances, which he manipulates. MOOD The predominant humour of the whole play is somber and tragic. Iago works his evil almost from the opening scene, and each new deception that he plans brings greater misery. The tragic gloom that he causes is only occasionally relieved by comedy, provid ed by Roderigo and the Clown.

The effect of day care on their children Essay Example for Free

The effect of daytime caution on their pip-squeakren EssayI would generally agree with the view that agnate characteristics highly affect how the environment of their childs day care would be indeed this will influence the companionable learning of the child. If a decision was made for the child to attend day care regularly, this obviously would be made by one, or both, of the primary caregivers/ parents. Therefore, it is their choice into which establishment their child will attend to. This passing depends on the characteristics and lifestyles of the family unit, thus affecting the childs wellbeing in day care. The environment in which the child is raised in vastly affects how they view, and are viewed, later on in life. As a result, choosing the right day care for the earlier years in life would be beneficial for the parents, and especially the child. Since each family has a different wealth status, this has an effect on which major decisions are made in life. A family in which are highly wealthy would choose a higher status day care, while in comparison a family which is less than middle class would choose a poorer feeling day care. scour if both the higher and poorer quality day care supports children while primary caregivers are away, the day cares differ in individual quality. Higher standards of day care obtain high health and safety requirements, responsive and warm interactions between children and staff, developmentally appropriate curriculum and adequate staff training. While poor quality care puts childrens development at risk theyre likely to obtain economic crisiser language and cognitive scores, and lag on social development. Different quality day cares are chosen by parents who are correlated with different circumstances.For instance, single working mothers or low incomes are more likely to experience low quality care. Yet, according to the views of Scarr (1998), we cannot be sure whether its the quality of day care or the parental c haracteristics which influence childrens development. However, it is the parental characteristics which affect the quality of day care. If a family is sinking in debts, they could not afford an elite day care which has a high price. By choosing a high priced day care, this would consequently impose the familys wealth, since they already have balance which is due.As a result, this will have an effect on the child, as the child will notice stress occurring in the family. Therefore, higher quality day cares are not an option. In comparison, higher class families will choose the best day care for their offspring, since they have the specie and time, for this approach. What I mean by time is that, they get involved in the childs day care, such as PTA, fundraising and volunteering. This would not be present in humiliate class families, as they are much more preoccupied with work, rather than spending more time with their child, which they keep in day care.In conclusion, I would agree parental characteristics highly affect the quality of a childs day care, and the childs life itself. Since it has been stated that childs attachment will highly affect how they will be attached later on in life, day care also inspires and implies this. Day care provides further attachments to be formed therefore a childs social life would have more security and stability. Thus, choosing the wrong day care provides less of this comfort, and less of a childs desirability to learn efficiently.

The Ways in Which the Principal Teachings of Two Religious Traditions Essay Example for Free

The Ways in Which the Principal Teachings of Two Religious Traditions EssayPeace and its exertion and conservation is a concept embedded within the teachings of both Christianity and Islam. Thus the unnameable texts of each tradition, namely the Christian Bible and the Quran and Hadith instruct the backer as to the best way of contributing to relaxation at a global level. Upon the analysis of the principal teachings of Christianity and Islam pertaining to peace, it is the contention of this paper that the inspiration and desire for peace derives directly from the sacred texts of the deuce traditions. Essential to the concept of peace contained within the Christian Bible is the belief that peace as a concept was abandoned to humankind by immortal, demonstrated by the teaching and example of Jesus Christ as recorded in the New Testament. Peace is what I circulate with you it is my own peace I give to you. (Jn) This teaching is as such evident in a number of movements which advocate and attempt to achieve realness peace. The World Conference on Religion and Peace is a prominent orifice created through the influence of Christian teaching, aiming to encourage dialogue amidst nations in order to foster and conserve the peace ordained by God.They have provided mediation is such areas as Kosovo and have brought together world leaders to address issues such as global security and disarmament. This elucidates the way in which global initiatives for peace are heavily influenced by the principal teachings of Christianity. Moreover, another prominent initiative directed to state of wards the attainment of peace at a global level is the promotion of the World Day of Peace by Pope John capital of Minnesota VI, declaring that annually, New Years Day should be dedicated to reflection regarding the need for peace, saying that peace results from the harmony built into society by its divine founder. (John capital of Minnesota VI) This highlights the direct influenc e of Christian teaching on movements for world peace.Although conflict in contemporary society in a global context is politic prevalent, it can be observed that small in-roads to peace have been made as a result of the followers capacity to act on the principal teachings of the tradition. Another prominent teaching of Christianity pertaining to world peace encompasses the concept that peace s attainable if adherents exercise the virtues of faith, hope and love which were bestowed by God in all reflections of ife. Moreover, this teaching demonstrates the notion that black should not be re-paid with evil but must be dealt with by way of righteous action. further I say to you, love your enemies and pray for those who persecute you. (Mt) This is thus demonstrated on a practical level through the National Council of Churches in Australias (NCCA) initiative, the Decade to Overcome Violence. This employs the aforementioned teaching as its basis and urges the Christian community coll ectively to practise these virtues.Moreover, the council works to denounce international conflict, saying that war as a method of settling international disputes is incompatible with the teaching and example of Jesus Christ. (NCCA) This demonstrates the way in which the worldwide Christian movements for peace describe at their foundation the ethical principals of Christianity as reflected through the Bible. Perhaps one of the more prominent ethical teachings of Christianity with reference to world peace is that which highlights the correlation between cosmos a Christian and working for peace. If your enemy is hungry, give him food resist evil and conquer it with good. (Rom) This highlights the concept that working towards peace is an obligation of being a Christian. This is well exemplified by such movements as Pax Christi international, a peace organisation who sought to rectify the problems of the world in the aftermath of WWII and to march on such ideas as ecological awaren ess, disarmament and human rights. Moreover the pacifist movement, the Quakers or Society of Friends actively promote pacifism, typifying the notion of the practical application of Christian teaching.With reference to Islam, the cornerstone of the Islamic view of world peace is the Lesser Jihad. The principal teaching surrounding this is that Allah desires peace but acknowledges the human capacity to be violent and aggressive. Thus, the concept of the Lesser Jihad or the struggle against external evil in pursuit of world peace is developed. Adherents focus every aspect of their lives in the pursuit of Jihad and it is through this that one may finally achieve submission. O soul at peace, return to the lord. (Quran) This struggle against external evil is demonstrated at a practical level through the initiatives of Australian Muslims to enter into dialogue with non-Islamic Australians to attempt to quell misunderstandings regarding Islam such as the misconception regarding Jihad. In 1 989, The International Scholars Annual Dialogue was established by scholars from various faiths to clarify such issues as the aforementioned, helping to achieve world peace.This organisation believes that the western media oversimplifies the position of Islam on matters such as terrorism, thus impeding initiatives towards peace in a global context. Moreover such movements as the Bridges not Walls Foundation is an interfaith movement instigated by Muslims and Jews in order to oppose the conflict in the Middle East. Although peace in its entirety has not yet been achieved, initiatives such as these possess an incalculable significance in directing the world towards peace.Peace is a concept that is embedded into the sacred texts and principal teachings of both Christianity and Islam. These texts instruct the adherent toward the most appropriate way to peace and as such it is the concluding contention of this paper that the inspiration and desire for peace derives directly from the sacr ed texts of the two traditions and although this has not yet been fully achieved, the movement towards world peace has been aided by the capacity of adherents to act practically on the principal teachings contained within the sacred texts of the aforementioned traditions.

Culture Importance in Business

Culture Importance in subscriber lineCulture is an important part of planetary agate line because it defines the collection of beliefs, values, behavior, customs and military strength of the member in the society. Culture is basic ally the behavior that hatful act in the community. Characteristics of culture overly confer learned behavior which is transmitted from one member to an new(prenominal). Some basic ele custodyts of culture be social structure, language and religion. Foreigners who want to establish their business in an other than their own and become successful, they should learn the culture and the local market.A lot of quotations lay down been made towards culture one of the quotations made is by Geert Hofstede who give tongue to thatCulture is the collective programming of the mind which distinguishes the members of one group from another.(Geert Hofstede)Culture does not only interest to doing business in another country scarcely within an organization there ar challenges for example, Managers today will train special skills in regulate to meet these challenges. Culture aw atomic number 18ness, Language deflections and management skills are necessary for success. These challenges often lead to a debate which is better for a company or foreign national workers. There are pros and cons to the use of each. Business accomplishments in the future will depend greatly on the ability of managers to meet the challenges of culture and its impact on international business.Current research has shown that not a lot of companies select been successful in this. Too some(prenominal) businesses still have the attitude that because they do not understand the way something is beingness done, the method or philosophy used is not right. Whether these are old traditions or business practices.Similar studies also indicates that majority of the people who are send on international dates often fail in achieving a good working environment and have a go od social relationship with the people of the foreign country. This creates problems on the individual front, the family front and starts taking a toll on the productivity of the individual as well as the business. The cultural differences are one of the biggest issues when it comes to working abroad and be successful.According to the studies the main reason why managers fail is not because the persons technical or managerial competence barely due to the fact that there are cultural variances. For example, if a manager is asked to do an assignment abroad in a country like chinaware the steps to success whitethorn be very little even though a lot is known ab place the culture in China. The results may vary from contrastive managers depending on how fast they adapt to the culture of the country. It is very important for a manager develop and adapt. To become successful one necessarily to appreciate the differences to develop and accepting the attitude on both fronts so that the ne cessary goals can be accomplished.Another cultural difference in business is between the Arabic countries and the Western countries. When negotiating in Western countries, the goal is to do the business as quick as possible and come to an understanding fight hands which is a cultural signal of the end of duologues and the agreement has been reached and start doing business together.In other hand, Middle Eastern countries, a lot of negotiation takes place and also shake hands after a negotiation. However, the hired man is not complete in the Middle Eastern culture. In fact it is a cultural sign that serious negotiations are entirely beginning.That is why it is very important to understand that culture impacts international business far more than interior(prenominal) business. Most of the principles remain the same for both domestic and international business solely there are certain added complexities that they need to be aware of and need to be trained to handle, most important of which is intercultural communication.Intercultural communicationThe term intercultural communication does not necessarily mean learn the local language it has more to it. It rattling used to describe the wide range of communication problems that naturally appear within an organization. Besides language it also focuses on social attributes, thought patterns, and the cultures of different groups of people. It also involves understanding the different cultures, languages and customs of people from other countries. Most businesses see this as an important factor in the international trade and maintain that their employees learn the way people socialize, the way they think even though each individual is different there are certain things that are shared within the community. When they are being send off to a country they have an idea on how to interact, communicate and socialize with people and simply meld in.If one has not the ability to adapt quickly he/she would not be suitabl e for the job. Because when they get send off it is necessary to succeed and all the research has to be done in order to understand the people. Making people feel comfortable will open doors. This does not mean pliable your business values, it means appreciateing the values of others so that they respect yours and so that together, you can work productively for the success of your organizationAttitude and cultureAttitudes are validatory or negative evaluations, feelings and tendencies which tiller an individual behave in a particular way towards people or objects. Attitude can refer to more subjects such as the intent of sexes, individual freedom, justice, love etc. But the main focus is the attitude towards work, business and time in the future.It is important to have a good attitude towards work because it impacts motivation, morale, job satisfaction, productivity and other aspects of HRM. Positive attitude towards work also referred gives that extra over the other employees because of the productivity. When there is a positive attitude towards work there are certain compensations and bonuses that can be earned. It doesnt necessarily mean that bonuses are just rewarded because of positive attitude but mainly because the job is well done. An international business firm has to devise a system of compensation that promotes work ethics, and of course is similar with the other country culture.Japanese people are supposed to have a strong working ethic. And for example in India the average takes work as idolization because for him/her work is everything. No worker does anything before closing his/her eyes for a few seconds to thank their almighty and expressing gratitude for having bestowed his blessing in the form of work. Which is why the Indian worker has earned appreciation from everywhere for his/her sincerity, hard work, loyalty and honestly.In capitalist systems an individual perceives business basically as a profit seeking organization producing goo ds and services for the market demand. In an Islamic social system business is based upon personal relationships, trust and respect. To them business firms are not just viewed as providers of goods and services but as partners in progress and prosperityImplications for international businessGlobal businesses are repositories of multi cultures. It basically means that people from some cultures from different countries interact regularly. Another word for it is MNC. It has a home country and some(prenominal) host countries where the head offices and subsidiaries are located. The situation is highschoolly complex with several national cultures and subcultures interact regularly.Cultural differencesThe 5 dimensions of Dr. Geert HofstedeFrom 1967 to 1973, while working at IBM as a psychologist, he collected and analyzed data from over 100,000 individuals from 40 countries. From those results, and posterior additions, Hofstede developed a model that identifies four primary dimensions to differentiate cultures. He added the fifth dimension later.Geert Hofstedes research proves an insight into other cultures and can be used to analyze all cultures. The idea behind the 5 dimensions is to intera with other countries and trying to understand them more. If the dimensions are understood and applied properly it could strangle a lot of frustration, anxiety and concern because a lot is more is known about a certain culture.Culture is more often a witnesser of conflict than of synergy. Cultural differences are a nuisance at best and often a disaster.(Geert Hofstede)Power Distance Index (PDI) Focuses on how much a culture does or does not value hierarchical relationships and respect for authority. This basically refers to human inequality. People are downgraded when it comes to prestige, wealth and power. Cultures with high PDI scores include Arabic countries, Russia, India and China. Those with lower-ranking scores include Japan, Australia and Canada. The inequality i s mainly formalized in a hierarchy of boss-subordinate relationships. According to Mulders power reduction theory, subordinates will try to reduce the power distance between themselves and their bosses. And bosses will try to maintain the power that they already have or enlarge it.According to the research done Geert Hofstede in 1977 countries with lower education and lower status tend to produce high PDI value and countries with higher education and higher status tend to produce low PDI value. Education is the dominant factor. If people are not educated they cannot get higher positions in the hierarchy so they will always end up on the bottom of the hierarchy.Individualism (IDV) Uncertainty avoidance (UAI) uncertainty avoidance deals with the level of worry that people have for the future of a country and also the necessary needs to protect the society money box kinds of measures technology, rules and rituals. High anxiety leads to higher stress and a more hurried social life but also to higher energy release which means and inner urge to be busy. On the high UAI side anxiety is more released trough the demo of emotions for which society has created outlets. So basically they are more open to deal with problems and will try to solve if there is any. For lower UAI anxiety is released more trough passive relaxation, which is not a good thing because emotions need to be controlled. However there is more openness to change in low UAI. In other hand on the high UAI there is more conservatism and a stronger desire for law and order.Masculinity (MAS) Masculine cultures use the biological globe of two sexes to define very different social roles for men and women. They expect men to be assertive, ambitious, and competitive, and to strive for material success, and to respect whatever is big, strong, and fast.(Geert Hofstede)Masculinity refers to how many a society sticks with, and values, traditional masculine and female roles. Countries that have High MAS scores tend to give the man a more superior role than the women. Men are thought to be the providers, assertive and to be strong. For example in Arabic countries it is likely that a women is seen working in a male environment. Or have the same profession as a male. Females do not have the same right as men. Especially in Saudi Arabia women are not even allowed to drive a car. In these countries it is very hard for a female to do business because its a males job because they are not allowed to have physical contact with a man they are also not allowed to wear certain types of clothes. This does not refer to all the Arab countries. In some of the countries female are getting more rights and are working themselves up the hierarchy. In a low MAS society the situation is different and men and women share equal rights, which means that men and women have the same profession without one being discriminated due her gender.Long term orientation (LTO) this dimension was added later by HofstedeOve r the years people have had a critical view on Hofstedes 4 dimensions. To overcome this problem Hofstede introduced a fifth dimension. In this dimension he was trying to find out the different thinking between the east and the west. He used the information from the original IBM study. It was a difference that could not be figured out. To do this dimension a research was carried out on 23 countries and was called the Chinese Value Survey (CVS).Long termination Orientation stands for the fostering of virtues oriented towards future rewards, in particular perseverance and thrift. Its opposite pole, Short Term Orientation, stands for the fostering of virtues related to the past and present, in particular, respect for tradition, preservation of face and fulfilling social obligations. ( Geert Hofstede)Cultures with a high bulky term orientation such as China, Japan and South Korea would most likely have a strong work ethic and show great respect for status differences. People who live i n these societies mostly value the social order and long range goals. However the cultures that show a low long term orientation often do not place a high priority on status and are concerned more about short term results and also seek quick satisfaction of their needs. Low long term orientation countries are, United States, UK and Canada. There are obviously more countries because the research is based on 23 countries.Trompenaars 7ds modelTrompenaars is a European police detective he conducted a research with 15.000 manager from 28 countries, representing 47 national cultures. He described cultural differences using 7 dimensions. The 7 dimensions were universalism versus particularism, individualism versus collectivism, proper(postnominal) versus diffuses, neutral versus affective, achievement versus ascription, past versus present and internal versus external control. The first five dimensions deal with how people relate to each other. The other two deal with how culture manages time, and how it deals with nature.National regional cultureCorporate cultureProfessional cultureHofstedeProblemsSolutionsConclusionWhile doing this essay I have found out a lot more about culture. I did not expect culture to have such a large impact on international business. Culture is not just the way people dress or the way they behave but have various types of stages that majority of the people dont know. At first I only knew about Geert Hofstedes 5 dimensions but I also found that there are a lot more theories that refer to culture. This essay thought me that if I am ever going to work abroad there is a lot I need to learn and to make sure that I know a lot more of the country than just the language. And also trying to understand the people and try to adapt to it.I now believe that culture is one of the main aspects that has to be understood before planning to establish a business abroad or doing an assignment abroad.Refrenceshttp//www.mindtools.com/pages/article/newLDR_66.ht mhttp//www.geert-hofstede.com/XIV. Masculinity versus femininityhttp//www.cyborlink.com/besite/hofstede.htmLong-Term Orientationhttp//www.andrews.edu/tidwell/HofstedeLongTerm.html

The Impact Of Competition Policy Business Essay

The Impact Of Competition Policy Business EssayThese days, variant tunees argon involved in different kind of activities, so different kinds of people are involved in starting those businesses initi eithery. Mainly, there are three graphemes of organizations that subscribe to to be considered here. These arePublic Sector OrganizationPrivate Sector OrganizationsVoluntary Sector OrganizationsThe main purpose of public sector organizations is to provide all the essential public services and to use the resources of a country for the best benefit of its community. Private sector organizations are owned and run by semiprivate individuals who whitethorn take the form of sole traders, partnerships, companies and franchises. Main objective or purpose of private sector business organizations is to make profit, increase their market share, and maximize the sales and to trigger continuous growth. On the other(a) hand, voluntary groups are not owned or governed by individual people however approximately individuals will take the responsibility for ensuring that organization is on track of its purpose and is doing what it is set up to do. Main purpose of these types of organizations is to try to dish out particular type of people and such type of organizations must achieve a breakeven for survival.As far as my case study is concerned, Anglo American has an economic purpose of do profits, social purpose to provide returns to the society and environmental purpose to minimize the bad effects on the environment.Different Stake holdersAs we talking somewhat the stakeholders of Anglo Americans, first comes employees. Employees of Anglo Americans enjoys respect and employee empowerment from company they are trained in way to perform their duties positively in the best interest of the company. Company with different kind of incentives and benefits motivate employees for better performance as a research and maturement company of medicine. As far as communities are concern ed Anglo American makes a valuable contribution to the society and community. Such as compliance with the law and regulatory framework plus compliance with the ethical standards and fulfilling the human rights by providing jobs to the economy. Suppliers are one of the most important stakeholders of either business organizations as the bargaining power of suppliers can create problems for business. So for the smooth working of every company strong and long lasting relationship between suppliers and business organizations plays a Vitol role. Anglo Americans has a diverse supply chain management which fulfils the health and arctic and quality standards of the organization.Responsibilities and strategiesAnglo Americans identifies its stakeholders and contact with all stakeholders who have a legitimate interest in the projects. Talking about communities as a stake holder of the organisation, the scheme of Anglo American is talking to the local communities in aligning their aspiration needs. Anglo American aims that where they operate proper benefits should be taken from their presences. It benefits to the communities as stakeholder of the organization results in socio economic development, as it provides employment opportunities to the local community which helps in the development and mature of peoples life style. It works in Sustainable environment concern about the health and environmental issues which cause problem to the community as salutary as environment. Anglo American believes on safe working process which ensures sustainability. Talking about shareholders, Anglo American fulfils the responsibilities of shareholders through puff up defined channels. For example by securing their interest and investments by showing them the progress and development of company through regular dialogs and fulfils the statutory requirements. This progress is communicated to the shareholders and investors through a range of reporting documents such as annual reports and accounts and report on sustainability. Talking about political sympathies as a stakeholder, it interacts with government in a legal and regulatory framework of country. The organization fulfils its responsibility by paying tax to the government and by giving the entrepreneur opportunities and part the government in achieving revenue transparency.Task 3The impact of competition policy and other regulatory mechanisms on the activities of Anglo AmericanThe competition policy in the UK economy is currently based on the Competition Act 1998, Enterprise Bill 2002, Office of Fair Trading (OFT) and the Competition Commission (CC) as well as other regulatory mechanisms including the Companies Act 2006, the regional policy, industrial policy, enterprise strategy, training and skills policy and so on (Sloman and Stucliffe, 2003). The impact of UKs competition policy on Anglo American, for example, would beTo restrict it from monopoly formationAmerican wont be able to set up its own prices a nd have to go with the market price of the harvest-festivals. appoint managers more efficient and effectiveSince competition will be high, managers will have to come up with more innovative solutions to achieve an edge stop improved quality at low compriseSince, Anglo American is involved in mining work used by different economies it has to keep costs low while maintaining quality.increase consumer choice, in absolutely, augment the consumer and shareholders interests (Fernando, 2011)Different Market Structures and determination of set and OutputMarket Structures with Pricing and Output determinantsHow market structures arrange the pricing and output purposes of businessesThe market structures and the pricing and output decisions are illustrated in the diagram on a lower floor (Sloman and Stucliffe 2003)Demand Supply Curvehttp//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Supply-and- guide.svg/240px-Supply-and-demand.svg.pngMarket prices are determined according to the sh ift in demand or supply. If the demand shifts to the right, a higher price and higher quantity is set, this is the innovative market equilibrium price. Moreover, pricing decision likewise depends on market structure. For instance, flyings undergoing perfect competition have to set the market determined prices and are know as price takers. While firms operating in monopolist environment have this differentiation advantage and it makes them capable of setting their own prices. Such firms commonly target the niche market.The way in which market forces shape organizational responsesMajority of the decision make of organizations depends on the market forces includingDemand and Supply of the productThe key point that answers the questions of what, how and for whom to produce depends on the demand and supply in the market leads to allocation of scare resources in a profitable manner (Lowson, 2002). For example, if Cadbury has to set which type of chocolate to produce, it will look fo r the product where demand is high and divert majority resources in producing that particular chocolate.Elasticity of demand and supplyPricing and output decisions are also affected by the responsiveness of the quantity of demand of the product to changes in price, known as the elasticity of demand and the responsiveness of the supply as well (Lowson, 2002). For example, an organisation providing bus travel services might tend to counsel higher prices at the peak time of the demand for buses, as people will consume the service to get to their destinations, no matter what the price is. In case of supply, if the cost of oil increases which causes their total cost of one unit to rise, they may reduce their production.Economies of scaleA phenomenon where increase in output lowers costs therefore, giving firms the incentive to produce more as it would consequently lead to higher profits (Sloman and Stucliffe, 2003).Consumer expectations and actionsPromptness in foreseeing and reacting t o consumer demands will always be a significant element of competitive advantage for firms and cannot be ignored when making major decisions (Chang, 2005). For example, the Apple Company might determine the expectations of its consumers and innovate a product accordingly.The short run and long run phenomenonThe short run period is where at least one factor of production is fixed whereas in the long run all can vary, thus affects the decision making or response of firms, for example what machinery to use. (Sloman and Stucliffe, 2003).Employee skills/technology/processesAs globalization has taken, it is imperative that every firm takes advantage of it to achieve competitive advantage in the market and attain its strategic goals. For example, businesses can do this by providing employees with the latest skills and knowledge that would allow them to perform their job effectively and efficiently as well as stream flexure all the processes/activities of the organisation by using improved technology and methods (Dessler, 2007).How the business and cultural environments shape the behaviour of an organizationA business operates within an environment where both are inter-reliant and constantly interact with one another. The factors determining the business environment are shown below (Fernando, 2011)Factors forming the business environment economicalFor example, if a untested economic policy is set, the firm must adjust the functioning of their organization accordinglyTechnologicalif new technology replaces the existing one, the firm must consider streamlining their processes in order to benefit the organizationLegalif a legal policy comes into existence, the firm must analyze how to comply with the new policy or using processes, activities or technology.EnvironmentalTrend has been set towards having business operations that are environmentally friendly as required by the government, in order to assist in the controlling of global warming and being socially responsible . Therefore, it is believed to be the duty of businesses to amend its bearing in line with the environment in order to run successfully (Fernando, 2011).Social/CulturalThe cultural environment on the other hand refers to the influence on the behavior of the organization by the cultural factors of the environment it operates in, which are beyond the control of the organization. The way culture may impact a business is asserted below (Trehan and Trehan, 2010)What type of product to produce, its price, packaging, promotion and placeConsumers preferences, beliefs, attitudes, values would affect the product development for example, McDonalds does not serve beef in India.The attitude towards work or the internal culture of the organisation for example, the attitude of employees towards a diverse organisational environment.The labour workforce division at the organisation, for example whether both men and women should be apply or should majority of men be working and other decisions rela ted to recruitment.The ethical guidelines to follow in every process of the business.The element of communication and stress so there is effective communication of the organisation within, as well as outside the organisation with customers, suppliers and so on.Task 44.1 The significance of outside(a) trade to UK business organizationsThe UK is positioned as the fourth most open economy in the world. The importance of international trade to businesses operating in UK including the mining patience (Secretary of State for Business, Innovation and Skills, 2011)Technological improvements lowering communication and transportation costs innovation of business products and services.Helps these businesses to build larger networks in terms of customers, suppliers, shareholders, employees and other stakeholders. counterchange of capital at low costs therefore consequently leading to growth opportunities, better and streamlined processes and activitiesTransfer of intellectual assets ideas sk ills tacit knowledge workout creation improved training processes better and improved skills, knowledge and behaviour of employeesIncrease in investment enticement growth of investment greater shareholdersIncreases competition, making it products better and more consistent with the competition offer better value and choice of productsInternational trade gives an opportunity for the organizations to expand and outsource their businesses, reaching a wider market as well as lowering costs. Moreover, UK products/services are now exported to many other countries increasing their overall revenue.4.2 The impact of global factors on UK business organizationsThe global factors impacting UK businesses and the way they will impact them is explained below (Secretary of State for Business, Innovation and Skills, 2011)The economies of Brazil, Russia, India and China (BRIC) are being seen to grow rapidly. This could be seen as a threat to the businesses operating in UK as competition for them woul d get tough or it could be seen in positive light as being viewed by the UK government currently, where it intends on building strong ties with these countries.Globalization and global growth will provide these businesses with better market opportunities to develop and expand and building on export markets as well.US regulatory environment and litigation risks however, may cause businesses to be affected negatively.Potential synergies may develop between UK businesses and businesses of other countries. Mergers and acquisitions may take place giving organizations an opportunity to have sustainable business growth and target a wider market.Can take advantage of the opportunities provided by the World trade Organisation (WTO).The UK government is also functioning to persuade the EU to implement a more tactical, organized and continuous move towards lobbying on market entrance and business issues, particularly through the High Level Economic and Trade Dialogue established in 2008.Much s cope to develop by exporting to Commonwealth countries.Capitalize on opportunities present in developing economies by outsourcing businesses and hiring labour.The impact of policies of the European Union on UK business organizationsThe different policies undertaken by the European Union (EU) and their impact on UK businesses are as follows (Sloman and Stucliffe, 2003)The Climate Change Act which has set target for the UK of reducing carbon emissions. To help meet this target, the EU introduced various policies. This would impact the business organisations in terms of their productivity or in terms of the kind of machines they use. Moreover, non compliance with these policies may also impact the businesses in a negative way such as building on an unfavourable image of the business.Regional Policy of the EU which endows with grants to firms in destitute regions thus, helping such businesses to improve in terms of sales, profits, activities and so on.Monopoly and restrictive practice policy putting restrictions on those businesses that are operating in more than one state for example Tesco.Adjustment of tax rates causing considerable differences in VAT taxes among member states. Thus, for example, Sainsburys will have to charge different VAT rates in different states.Social Policy requiring businesses to implement specific health and safety, employment, equal opportunity policies in their organisations and non compliance may cause the business to suffer.Other policies may include exchange rate policies policies to comply with the legal framework of UK businesses and policies of meeting certain standards for long-term operations.

Project Management and Hemas Holdings

cat Management and Hemas Holdings1.1 Introduction on the pouch Management and Hemas Holdings FMCG. Project Management give notice be expressed as the application of knowledge, skills, tools, and techniques to labour activities to neat the propose destinys. Project Management has its long history which was practiced informally and has been officially recognised and emerged in mid of the 20th century in distinctly. The global body for wander circumspection which is Project Management Institute USA advance the concept and it is widely explained in the Project Management form of Knowledge (PMBOK Guide) further (PIM, 2017).In group meeting achievementfulness of the regard, it is vital to understand and plan the vagabond cycle. Project cycle is the key concept which is discussed massively in the subject of Project Management and it has been acknowledged as the methodical period of cohesive set of tasks which are quantified, accomplished in stages, in ensuring the success of the digest (Forsberg, 2005).Hemas Holding PLC, with a renowned history of 65 years, has become a key gamy chip company diversified in to five main areas. The celestial spheres are namely FMCG, Health care, Leisure, Transport (logistic) and other. Hemas FMCG serving the Sri Lankan customer musical theme via its wide range of products and services. The group seized a strategic moving to the next take aim through the acquisition J.L. Morison Son J mavins (Ceylon) PLC. in any case as a move in managed succession plan, Hemas invited Mr Steven Enderby to the Board offering the position of Chief Executive Officer. The swag ship products such as Baby Cheramy the Hemas brand has won the Sri Lankan mothers loyalty for nearly 60 years (Hemas Annual Report, 2016).1.2 Project requirements.The purpose of upgrading poop issue 6.0 HANA to sap S4 HANA at HEMAS FMCG sector was to enhance the Enterprise Resource Planning (referred to as ERP going forward) culture within the organisati on. The rapidly growing business which pumps the highest revenues portion which is 38% call for to be fully monitored (Hemas Annual Report, 2016). The stops need to be well set and deviations need to be reported in a condemnationly manner. dep last 1 FMCG welkin Vs. Group performance1.3 Hemas FMCG strategy and feasibility of the ERP retch.Hemas founded under the vision of Enriching Lives and they do focus on it heavily. Hemas history has shaped the ways and core that is se the potential. The consistent effort in generating organic as well as inorganic increase had positively impacted on enriching the value of the Hemas stakeholders today. The ERP swan writ of execution exit help the organisation to be well aligned to its Vision 2020, concept and there five-year strategic plan (Hemas Annual Report, 2016).The advancement in scathe of the sucker 6.0 provide allow the HEMAS FMCG sector to cater to the customer requirements and to meet demand. This would decommission abou t of supporting systems bring all them under one system in an advance tech platform.1.4 fag out 6.0 to SAP S4 Feasibility study.The catch on HEMAS FMCG, SAP 6.0 HANA parent intends further improvements in to the EPR that they operate at the moment and this system set up leave managed by the global SAP Functional team up and the handing over go forth happen to the Hemas Corporate IT. The creation of blue print copy will be done by this team and also hey will do the pilot run planning and monitoring at FMCG sector offices located in Colombo (Head Office), Dankotuwa (Factory and Walisara (Finish good warehouse). accordingly upgrading ERP in Hemas FMCG will be driven by the experienced global SAP team which will be and also will be facilitated by Attune Lanka. Attune is the local consultant for SAP implementation and upgrades.Attune has shown is positive cart track records in SAP related projects. The company is very experienced in SAP implementation which is attached to MAS g roup. Attune with its localized experience they support the implementation and upgrade tasks locally while connecting the physical processs with the global consultants and the locally ground end users.The SAP S4 Project needfully be sponsored with US $1.5 Mn and this is forecast base on number of operators involved in the Sri Lankan summonss. The approximate costing was carried out based on similar projects which were carried out for different agency offices. The Hemas group will be funded the full project which will be repaid to the group by the FMCG sector in 5 years sentence. This is possible as the Revenue growth % is at 20.2% for 2016 (Hemas Annual Report, 2016).2.1 Statement of work (SOW)Hemas FMCG sector SAP 6.0 HANA Upgrade to SAP S4 will have the following minute areas as per the Statement of work. range of mountains of workUpgrade of SAP ERP will bring in all the theatrical roles such as Demand Planning team, poppycock Requisition team, Procurement, Stores, Quality Assurance, Finance, marketing and HR. Currently HR is not integrated within the ERP but with SAP S4 HANA the Hemas FMCG will be fully integrated.Since the data is currently is the same platform the desegregation will not be complex and time consuming. Following will be the main billets which will enjoy the facilities of the system upgrade.Demand Planning Material planningProcurement OP (Purchase Ordering) mental processProduction Production planningStores/ Warehouse GRN (Goods Receive) and stock controlQuality Assurance Quality check and release rude materialFinance General Ledger and Financial reportingMarketing and statistical distribution- Releasing the Finish goods to the marketProject duration/ Bud involveThe expected time for the upgrade is 6 months starting form upgrade, pilot run and handing over. This will include the initial test run as well as most critical go live phase. The total SAP S4 upgrade is spitted in to phases for the monitoring and control purpose.T he funds need to be allocated to manage the cost and expenses. Hence a budget is allocated separately which is USD 1.5 Mn.SAP S4 Project time linesSAP S4 HANA Gantt chart on DeliverablesKey deliverables of the projectThe key death is to successfully upgrade the SAP 6.0 HANA in to the SAP S4 HANA. Hemas FMCG Sector intends to integrate the compassionate Resource (HR) function also to the ERP which in not at present.The SAP S4 platform will enhance the integrity and will improve the communication which will be faster and safer in an email based operation.Efficiency improvements will occur in the eventuality.Responsibility and authorityThe SAP Upgrade Project team headed by the Hemas FMCG sector Project Manager will be the ultimate responsible companionship where as all team member of the project team will have an equal portion of the responsibility to deliver the a successful SAP upgrade. Mainly the time lines and the level of success will be monitored and the budget ineluctabl y to be managed. The SAP Upgrade Project film director will be ap gradeed by the Hemas FMCG Sector management were the member form apiece functional are will be added to make the presence and brining in ideas to meet the specific expectations of the project. The project manager focus is to monitor the project with the assistance of the functional consultants. Attune Lanka will be responsible for the realizing the project in meeting expected results.In order to make the project a success the Project manager ask to be provided with Resource in terms of Human Capital as well as knowledge, equipment and funds. Scope will provide necessary guide line which the project team will follow where the exquisite level of leadership will drive the team live for its results. According to Laufer, it is clear that comprehensive apprehension of the project via clear scope will facilitate the Project Manger to monitor the deadlines and cost factors ensuring no overrun in the two elements (Laufer, 2012).Project planning, phase monitoring, releasing the resource on time actions on deviation and contingency palling are critical elements. Communication gaps needs to be narrowed down where keeping the entire set of stake holder on the same page with updated information.2.2 Work Breakdown Structure of the SAP S4 HANA upgrade project.The project at Hemas FMCG sector on SAP ERP 6.0 HANA upgrade to S4 HANA will stream through 6 months which is starting form the Project Kick off team formation to Go-live signoff. The total project can be broadly irrupt in to key 5 areas which are clearly shown within in Project Life Cycle (PLC) as below.Scope definitionUnderstanding the goal of the project is vital which happens in this stage. The GAP analysis will facilitate the stakeholders to understand Where are we and Where we need to go. The basic planning comes in handy whereas project time lines and resource identification and finalisation occur.Project SAP S4 planningAfter the resource a re finalised the deliverables will be clearly defined and responsibilities of all(prenominal) and every member of the team will be explained recorded and with authority levels to act upon. Planning and Segregation duties will be performed by the Project manager which needs to be rolled out with befitting decision making and leadership.Execution controlMonitoring and control of the SAP project is while the project is on the go is a staple action needs to be taken during this stage. Basically implementation, review and control occur ensuring schedules are on track. Deviations needs to be monitored and problem solving and decision making plays a major roll during the session. Also the updated information needs to be reported to key stakeholders at the Hemas FMCG Sector.Project evaluationIn terms of evaluation the examen is carried out as in the execution stage the project is on-going and controlled to meet the desired outcomes. The testing is carried out by deriving reports where t he Test Data in faded to the system and checked against the previous report whether the output is correct and process is smooth. every testing results and outcomes needs to be kept in documented form and the progress will be reportedCompletionFocusing on the Project Life Cycle this is the last stage of the project, where an assessment is done against actual and expected outcomes. The delivery of the project results and handing over the project is occurred. The experience and the leanings of the overall project are identified via a post apogee audit and the points are recorded to be used in future projects. The explanations for any deviations of the SAP S4 HANA upgrade will be reported with actions taken.As per Allen, the final user acceptance testing needs to be carried out and performed during completion stage and results needs to be checked and verified against project plan (Allen, 2004).Work Break down structure for the SAP S4 HANA upgrade project can be developed as provided b elow. The work is divided in to main five phases considering the project life cycle. The sub tasks are the reflector of the main ones.3.1 earnings DiagramThe success of the project is what everyone intends. The foregoingities of to each one project are different to each other. The Network diagram represents the priorities that need to be in the SAP upgrade project demonstration the sequence of the activities allowing the Project management team to focus on the critical path which project should flow.Having the network diagram and understanding the critical path of activities create to a greater extent visibility about the tasks processed and in the same time tasks can be managed in order to assist utmost vital tasks of the entire project which cannot be compromised at any cost (Young, 2000).In order to identify the dependencies between the activities the below predecessor table needs to be prepared. Then the Network Diagram will be drawn based on the predecessor table where the P roject team will engage in following tasks.hookup necessary resources the right teamIdentifying each sub tasks which supports the key taskPutting the tasks in the sequence (along with dependencies)Allocating sufficient time for each of the tasksCalculating the least possible time for the most time consuming will identified as critical path finally.Calculate the earliest completion and latest completion timesFinalise and review the diagram via a brainstorming session3.2 Network diagram Critical PathThese two are popular terms discussed in Project management which facilitate the project deadlines demonstrating the time frames in graphical for.4.1 Proposed budget for the project.The cost factor is critical for any project as SAP upgrade. The budget needs to be managed by the project management team. When there are low budgets and restriction it will hinder the progress and the success of the SAP project. A well-managed budget helps to manage the funds and to optimal utilisation of re sources. Also even the ultimate responsibility is to manage the budget is with the Project manager, the each and every team member needs to make sure that the tasks they are working on are operating and activated on time were the time factor can make a huge effect on the Budget if it gets dragged. Experienced gained form prior project related to implementation or upgrade will help the project manager and his team in ascertaining the spending patterns..This specific project on SAP system upgrade will not be that tough as the SAP ERP 6.0 is already running live at the Hemas FMCG sector from 2005. During the progression of the project if the team decides that resource needs to be enhanced spare resources needs to be allocated which will result in Budget expansions.4.2 Cost distribution plan SAP upgrade.The cost distribution plan demonstrates that the cost or rather the expense level at each stage of the project. This can be broken into weeks. Total spending against the each phase spe nding can be recognised via the cost distribution plan.Any deviation in the project which occurs subsequently will require additional funds to be spent. The cost distribution plan ensures that the organization is exactly planning the expenditure and the timing of the cost in the most appropriate manner.Hemas FMCG sector SAP S4 upgrade can be shown via the Cost distribution plan as below. (Values in USD 000s).There can be any type of the Project but Project graphic symbol management engages with all the controls and monitoring with regard to the timberland of the project, as that aspect it expected by all the stakeholder as a key result of the project. The aspect of Quality Management can be discussed as follows.Level of Customer SatisfactionThe project goal in to get derive the project goals and to witness the advantages of the project. Mostly a project is carried out to fulfil the customer requirements. When considering the SAP S4 HANA system the upgrade form SAP 6.0 HANA, the en d users expect to enjoy the latest facilities in deriving report with more information, processing activities faster, more integration, user friendliness etc. Also since the HR will also get integrated to the Hemas FMCG sector operation via the system upgrade will result in a fully-fledged SAP experience in the eventuality. ceaseless EnhancementThe competition is at another level as is immense in the modern era. There is no time to relax. An ERP system facilitates the entire operation of the organisation to it will help the continuous improvement in terms of Total Quality Management (TQM) and concepts such as Zero Defects, Six sigma. The Hemas FMCG sector had a growth of 23% against 2015 financial year, and will be growing at a rate. Hence the sector needs more focus in the improving continuously (Hemas Annual Report, 2016).Prevention over examinationThe cost of timber measurements are considered under this whether it is discussed that precautionary actions will help the organisati on to succeed. This can be further discussed as cost of conformance and non-conformance. Basically the system upgrade in to SAP S4 will help Hemas FMCG to further look in to prevention and examinations while to operations grow at a rate.5.1 Quality AssuranceThe topic of Quality Plan describes the identification of quality requirements of the projects and ensures the project is carried out within the quality boundaries. The output of a prim quality plan will be quality management plan, quality metrics and the fact of quality enhancements which is also known as process improvements plan.Quality Assurance can be broadly defined as the plan and systematic actions executed in a quality system in order to ensure the quality requirements for a specific product or service will be fulfilled. When considering the quality assurance techniques cost benefit analysis, cost of quality, benchmarking, control check lists and Fish borne diagrams are discussed.Cost of QualityThe expenses that occur i n Quality Management process is discussed in detail where and more focus will be to Prevention cost as that can be managed internally via improvements whereas Appraisal cost in external which the customers of Hemas FMCG get to know.BenchmarkingComparing the SAP 4S at Hemas with another organisation which is already will allows the project team and the stakeholder to identify how the system upgrade is and the success rate. What is to be learnt and how Hemas FMCG could improve the performance of the overall organisation.Flow chartsThe flow chart represents the sequence of the project progress in a graphic manner. Also this enables the SAP S4 project team to visualize the associated points and processes of the upgrade. Key decision points are identified via the chart and close monitoring can be done based on the identified facts.5.2 Quality ControlAfter the completion of the Project the Quality control mechanism takes place focusing on principles of the quality assurance. Quality contr ol check is vital action that needs to be taken to verify whether the output of the project of SAP S4 system upgrade has been executed without any deviations from the master copy plan. The completed project will not have any advantage of this as this is an audit done upon post completion however the learning point of the upgrade project can be carry forward to make sure the future projects are performed with more care and control (Project Management Institute, 2017).The peril Management plan is another crucial factor of a project as this facilitates in identification of jeopardize of the specific project, assessing the gamble and mitigating the risk. The risk film of the Hemas FMCG sector can be identified as follows. run a risk identificationLack of high level of integrations HR functions separatelyLow level of requirement gathering and understandingNo having sufficient knowledge by the end user on tacking the SAP S4 HANAIncomplete user acceptance procedureLack of proper testi ng by the end userRisk of not completing in 2017 Q4 as plannedRisk of budget over run in terms of cost and time6.2 Risk assessmentThe risk exposures will help the risk assessment. This needs to be done with the comprehensive understanding of rick level and probability of occurrence. The practicality will also need to be counted in assessing the risk. Prior knowledge in SAP 6.0 HANA implementation occurred in 2005 will be useful in upgrading the existing ERP system at Hemas FMCG sector to the next level which is SAP S4 HANA.Maintenance of a risk put down along with the risk assessment is the responsibility of the project team where the information needs to be shared in a frequent manner with the pertinent parties in order to eliminate risks as much as possible to ensure the success of the SAP S4 upgrade project. Proper documentation and monitoring is important. SAP S4 HANA upgrade at Hemas FMCG identified risks in the risks identification phase will be utilised in processing the ri sk assessment as below.6.3 Risk mitigation planRisk mitigation is all about taking action for the per-identified risks and taking prompt action to diminish the negative impact which arises from them based on the priorities identified via the risk assessment.The Risk identified needs to address as below.Lack of high level of integrations HR functions separatelyThe HR function not being integrated to the system leads to communication gaps. Hence the risk of brining in HR functionLow level of requirement gathering and understandingThe risk of not gathering important information on the requirements will change the scope and having a reasonable level of braining storming with members form all the function will mitigate the risk.No having sufficient knowledge by the end user on tacking the SAP S4 HANAIt is pointless having sophisticated systems if the end users do not know how to use them. Ultimately the investment will be just another useless project. The end users need to be given prope r training which motivates them to use the system frequently without any fear.Incomplete user acceptance procedureAll the users are required to accept the system via proper documentation. This is important is change management as smooth the users needed to get shifted to the new system in an appropriate way.Lack of proper testing by the end userThis needs to be mitigated by running several test runs and 100% accuracy test which is the only method to do so.Risk of not completing in 2017 Q4 as plannedProject plan execution at its best will remove any risk in delaying the project. The project team needs to coordinate well and execute the actions on time as agreed. Any deviations need to be communicated clearly with prior hand allowing the Project manager to take precautionary actions. Hemas financial year ends by 31st March 2018 and the on time completion will allows the Hemas FMCG to do a parallel run in the SAP S4 HANA.Risk of budget over run in terms of cost and timeBudget needs to be managed as that has being agreed after a proper analysis which is USD 1.5 Mn. The perfect execution of project plan will mitigate this risk. Also having a supplementary budget for contingency will always help.Communication which leads to lot of issues due the gaps is the procedures. There is a paramount importance of proper communication for the success of the project. As per the SAP upgrade in Hemas FMCG sector there are key stake holders including Project team, management of FMCG sector, group IT, group ingrained Audit team, shareholders etc. who needs to be managed with proper information. Hence communication plan will help to execute that smoothly. Sound level of communication needs to be handled by the project manager by himself and which will be replicated the project team member in the eventuality (Kliem, 2007).Communication plan needs to be equipped with,Standard format and levels of communicationThe modes which are intended to use Calls, Meetings, Memos, and Conference Calls etc.Responsibility of communication flowFrequency of the and the activities which is communicated formally and informallyHow to fulfil the requirements of stakeholders in terms of communication. Timing and controls.In managing the communication requirements of the SAP S4 upgrade the below communication plan can be utilised.Hemas FMCG Sector SAP ERP system upgrade will be a challenge as the success of the project has a major impact to the Group as FMCG sector is the key revenue generator with 38% contribution. The challenges and the complexities can be managed via comprehensive understanding and smooth function of the project management methodology. The said project team need to be armed and equipped with necessary resources and skills to ensure a success of the upgrade project.It is a very critical move that the management decided by cultivating the idea of the SAP system upgrade. The intended results can be achieved as the report emphasise the face of on time quality deliver able in all the tasks of the full project. As mentioned above the leadership of the Project manager and the active participation of the team members are also critical as they are the driving force of the SAP upgrade process in to SAP S4 HANA in Hemas FMCG Sector. Also following proper quality plan, risk management plan and communication plan project team will be more prepared to possible issues that may arise in the project.

industrial revolution Essay -- essays research papers

In the last part of the 18th century, a saucy revolution gripped the world that we were not ready for (Perry, 510). This revolution was not a political adept, but it would lead to many implications later in its existence (Perry, 510). uncomplete was this a social or Cultural Revolution, but an economic one (Perry, 510). The Industrial revolution, as historians call it, began the modern world. It began the world we live in now and our way of life in that world. It is called a revolution because the changes it made were so great. They were also sudden, although the preparation for these changes took many years. It is called industrial because it had to do with manufacture. Manufacture means the devising of every kind of useful article, from cotton cloth to brass pins. The Industrial Revolution changed how the world produced its goods and altered our societies from a mainly agricultural society to one in which industry and manufacturing was in control. The Industrial revolution be gan in England in the middle of the 18th century (Perry, 511). It was in full swing at the season of the American Declaration of Independence in 1776 and England at the time was the most powerful empire on the planet (Perry, 511). So, it was inevitable that the country with the most wealthiness would be a leader in this revolution. This revolution transformed the entire life of the people and it the habits of workers-the men and women who produced the goods. It brought down prices, so that people were able to ...